Masana kimiyya sun sami wahayi daga Pac-Man kuma sun ƙirƙira "hadaddiyar giyar" mai cin filastik, wanda hakan na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da sharar roba.
Ya kunshi enzymes guda biyu-PETase da MHETase-kwayar cuta mai suna Ideonella sakaiensis wacce ke cin kwalaban roba.
Ba kamar lalata yanayi ba, wanda ke daukar daruruwan shekaru, wannan babban enzyme na iya canza filastik zuwa ainihin abubuwan "abubuwansa" a cikin 'yan kwanaki.
Wadannan enzymes guda biyu suna aiki tare, kamar "Pac-Man biyu da aka haɗa da kirtani" suna tauna ƙwallan abun ciye-ciye.
Wannan sabon enzyme din yana narke filastik sau 6 da sauri fiye da ainihin enzyme na PETase da aka gano a cikin 2018.
Manufarta ita ce polyethylene terephthalate (PET), mafi kyawun thermoplastic da ake amfani da shi don yin kwalaban abin sha, kayan sawa, da katifu, wanda yawanci yakan ɗauki ɗaruruwan shekaru don lalata cikin yanayin.
Farfesa John McGeehan na Jami’ar Portsmouth ya fada wa kamfanin dillacin labarai na PA cewa a yanzu, muna samun wadannan albarkatun ne daga albarkatun kasa kamar mai da iskar gas. Wannan hakika ba mai dorewa bane.
"Amma idan za mu iya ƙara enzymes don ɓata filastik, za mu iya farfasa shi a cikin 'yan kwanaki."
A cikin 2018, Farfesa McGeehan da tawagarsa sun yi tuntuɓe a kan wani fasalin da aka gyara na enzyme da ake kira PETase wanda zai iya lalata filastik a cikin 'yan kwanaki kaɗan.
A sabon binciken da suka yi, kungiyar masu binciken sun hada PETase da wani enzyme da ake kira MHETase kuma sun gano cewa "narkewar kwalaban roba ya kusan ninki biyu."
Bayan haka, masu binciken sunyi amfani da injiniyan kwayar halitta don danganta wadannan enzymes din biyu a dakin gwaje-gwaje, kamar "hada Pac-Man biyu da igiya."
"PETase zai lalata saman filastik, kuma MHETase zai kara yankewa, don haka duba ko za mu iya amfani da su tare mu yi koyi da yanayin yanayi, da alama dabi'a ce." Inji Farfesa McGeehan.
"Gwajinmu na farko ya nuna cewa suna aiki sosai tare, don haka muka yanke shawarar ƙoƙarin haɗa su."
"Mun yi matukar farin ciki da ganin cewa sabon enzyme na chimeric dinmu ya ninka saurin enzyme sau uku, wanda ya bude sabbin hanyoyi don kara cigaba."
Farfesa McGeehan ya kuma yi amfani da Tushen Hasken Haske, wani sinadarin aiki da ke Oxfordshire. Yana amfani da X-ray mai ƙarfi sau biliyan sau 10 da ya fi hasken rana a matsayin microscope, wanda yake da ƙarfi sosai don ganin ƙwayoyin jikin mutum.
Wannan ya ba wa ƙungiyar masu bincike damar ƙayyade tsarin abubuwa uku na MHETase enzyme da kuma ba su tsarin ƙirar kwayoyin don fara tsara tsarin enzyme da sauri.
Baya ga PET, wannan super enzyme kuma ana iya amfani dashi don PEF (polyethylene furanate), maganin bioplastik na sukari da ake amfani da shi don kwalaban giya, kodayake ba zai iya lalata wasu nau'ikan robobi ba.
Currentlyungiyar a halin yanzu suna neman hanyoyin da za su ƙara hanzarta aikin bazuwar ta yadda za a iya amfani da fasaha don kasuwancin kasuwanci.
"Saurin da muke yi na enzymes, da sauri za mu lalata robobi, kuma hakan zai bunkasa kasuwancinsa," in ji Farfesa McGeehan.
An buga wannan binciken a cikin Ayyukan Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Kasa.
