Intambwe yambere: gusesengura no gusya ibishushanyo bya 2D na 3D byibicuruzwa, ibirimo birimo ibintu bikurikira:
1. Uburinganire bwibicuruzwa.
2. Ingano y'ibicuruzwa, kwihanganira no gushingiraho.
3. Ibisabwa bya tekiniki y'ibicuruzwa (ni ukuvuga tekiniki).
4. Izina, kugabanuka namabara ya plastike ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa.
5. Ibisabwa hejuru yibicuruzwa.
Intambwe ya 2: Menya ubwoko bw'inshinge
Ibisobanuro by'inshinge bigenwa cyane cyane ku bunini n'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki. Iyo uhisemo imashini itera inshinge, uwashushanyije asuzuma cyane cyane igipimo cyayo cya plastike, ingano yo gutera inshinge, imbaraga zifata, ahantu heza h’uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho (intera iri hagati yinkoni za karuvati yimashini itera inshinge), modulus, ifomu yo gusohora no gushyiraho uburebure. Niba umukiriya yatanze icyitegererezo cyangwa ibisobanuro byinshinge yakoreshejwe, uwashizeho agomba kugenzura ibipimo byayo. Niba ibisabwa bidashobora kubahirizwa, bagomba kuganira kubasimbuye umukiriya.
Intambwe ya 3: Menya umubare wibyobo hanyuma utegure urwobo
Umubare wibibumbano bigenwa cyane cyane ukurikije ahantu hateganijwe kubicuruzwa, imiterere ya geometrike (hamwe cyangwa idafite uruhande rukurura), ibicuruzwa neza, ingano yicyiciro ninyungu zubukungu.
Umubare wibyobo ugenwa cyane cyane ukurikije ibintu bikurikira:
1. Umusaruro wibicuruzwa (buri kwezi cyangwa icyiciro cyumwaka).
2. Niba ibicuruzwa bifite uruhande rukurura hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura.
3. Ibipimo byo hanze byububiko hamwe nubutaka bugaragara bwububiko bwo gutera inshinge (cyangwa intera iri hagati yinkoni ya karuvati yimashini itera).
4. Uburemere bwibicuruzwa nubunini bwo gutera inshinge.
5. Agace kateganijwe nimbaraga zo gufunga ibicuruzwa.
6. Ibicuruzwa byukuri.
7. Ibara ryibicuruzwa.
8. Inyungu zubukungu (agaciro k'umusaruro wa buri gishushanyo).
Izi ngingo rimwe na rimwe zirahagarikwa, bityo mugihe hagenwe igishushanyo mbonera, hagomba gukorwa ihuzabikorwa kugirango ibintu byingenzi byuzuzwe. Nyuma yumubare wimibonano mpuzabitsina ikomeye, hamenyekanye gahunda yimyanya ndangagitsina hamwe nimiterere yimyanya myanya. Gutondekanya umwobo birimo ubunini bwububiko, igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo kwinjirira, impirimbanyi ya sisitemu yo kwinjirira, igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukurura (kunyerera), gushushanya intangiriro yo gushiramo no gushushanya kwiruka bishyushye. Sisitemu. Ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru bifitanye isano no gutoranya ubuso butandukanye hamwe n’aho irembo, bityo rero muburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya, hagomba guhinduka ibikenewe kugirango ugere ku gishushanyo cyiza cyane.
Intambwe ya 4: Menya ubuso bwo gutandukana
Ubuso bwo gutandukana bwateganijwe muburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya ibicuruzwa byo hanze, ariko mubishushanyo mbonera byinshi, bigomba kugenwa nabakozi babumba. Muri rusange, gutandukana hejuru yindege biroroshye kubyitwaramo, kandi rimwe na rimwe habaho imiterere-itatu. Byakagombye kwitabwaho byumwihariko gutandukana. Guhitamo ibice byo gutandukana bigomba gukurikiza amahame akurikira:
1. Ntabwo bihindura isura yibicuruzwa, cyane cyane kubicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa bisobanutse kubigaragara, kandi hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane ingaruka zo gutandukana kumiterere.
2. Ifasha kwemeza neza ibicuruzwa.
3. Ifasha gutunganya ibumba, cyane cyane gutunganya cavity. Ikigo cyambere cyo kugarura.
4. Korohereza igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gusuka, sisitemu yo gusohora na sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
5. Korohereza demoulding yibicuruzwa kandi urebe ko ibicuruzwa bisigaye kuruhande rwibimuka byimuka iyo ifungura ifunguye.
6. Byoroshye kwinjiza ibyuma.
Mugihe hateguwe uburyo bwo gutandukana kuruhande, bigomba kwemezwa ko bifite umutekano kandi byizewe, kandi ukagerageza kwirinda kwivanga muburyo bwashyizweho, bitabaye ibyo uburyo bwa mbere bwo kugaruka bugomba gushyirwaho.
Intambwe ya 6: Kwemeza ibishingwe no guhitamo ibice bisanzwe
Nyuma yibintu byose byavuzwe haruguru bimaze kugenwa, ibishingwe byashizweho ukurikije ibikubiye. Mugihe utegura ibishushanyo mbonera, hitamo ibishingwe bisanzwe byashoboka, hanyuma umenye imiterere, ibisobanuro hamwe nubunini bwa plaque ya A na B yibibaho bisanzwe. Ibice bisanzwe birimo ibice rusange nibice byihariye. Ibice bisanzwe bisanzwe nkibifunga. Ibice bisanzwe byerekana nkibipapuro byerekana impeta, amaboko y amarembo, gusunika inkoni, gusunika umuyoboro, kuyobora icyerekezo, kuyobora amaboko, isoko idasanzwe, isoko yo gukonjesha no gushyushya ibintu, uburyo bwo gutandukana bwa kabiri hamwe nibice bisanzwe byerekana neza neza, nibindi. ko mugihe utegura ibishushanyo, koresha ibishingwe bisanzwe nibice bisanzwe bishoboka, kuko igice kinini cyibice bisanzwe byagurishijwe kandi birashobora kugurwa kumasoko umwanya uwariwo wose. Ibi nibyingenzi cyane muguhindura ingendo zinganda no kugabanya ibiciro byinganda. inyungu. Ingano yumuguzi imaze kugenwa, imbaraga zikenewe hamwe no kubara gukomeye bigomba gukorwa kubice bijyanye nububiko kugirango harebwe niba ibyatoranijwe byatoranijwe bikwiye, cyane cyane kubibumbano binini. Ibi ni ngombwa cyane.
Intambwe 7: Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo kwinjira
Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo kwinjiza ikubiyemo guhitamo kwiruka nyamukuru no kugena imiterere yambukiranya ibice nubunini bwiruka. Niba irembo ry'ingingo ryakoreshejwe, kugirango barebe ko abiruka bagwa, hagomba kwitonderwa igishushanyo mbonera cya de-gate. Mugushushanya amarembo ya sisitemu, intambwe yambere ni uguhitamo aho irembo riherereye. Guhitamo neza aho irembo bizagira ingaruka ku buryo bugaragara ku bicuruzwa no kumenya niba uburyo bwo gutera inshinge bushobora kugenda neza. Guhitamo irembo bigomba gukurikiza amahame akurikira:
1. Umwanya w irembo ugomba gutoranywa uko bishoboka kwose hejuru yo gutandukana kugirango byoroherezwe gutunganya no gusukura irembo.
2. Intera iri hagati yumwanya w irembo nibice bitandukanye byurwobo bigomba kuba bihamye bishoboka, kandi inzira igomba kuba ngufi (muri rusange biragoye kugera kuri nozzle nini).
3. Umwanya w irembo ugomba kwemeza ko mugihe plastiki yatewe mumwobo, ihura nigice cyagutse kandi kizengurutse uruzitiro mu cyobo kugirango byoroherezwe kwinjira muri plastiki.
4. Irinde plastike kwihutira kugera kurukuta rwurwobo, intangiriro cyangwa winjizemo iyo rwinjiye mu cyuho, kugirango plastike ishobore gutembera mu bice byose by’urwobo vuba bishoboka, kandi wirinde guhindagurika kwimbere cyangwa gushiramo.
5. Gerageza kwirinda umusaruro wibimenyetso byo gusudira kubicuruzwa. Niba ari ngombwa, kora ibimenyetso bishonga bigaragara mubice bidafite akamaro byibicuruzwa.
6. Umwanya w irembo hamwe nicyerekezo cyacyo cyo gutera inshinge bigomba kuba kuburyo plastiki ishobora gutembera neza kuringaniza icyerekezo cyurwobo iyo yatewe mumwobo, kandi ikaba ifasha gusohora gaze mumurwango.
7. Irembo rigomba kuba ryarateguwe mugice cyoroshye cyibicuruzwa gukurwaho, kandi isura yibicuruzwa ntigomba kugira ingaruka nyinshi zishoboka.
Intambwe ya 8: Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gusohora
Uburyo bwo gusohora ibicuruzwa bushobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: gusohora imashini, gusohora hydraulic, no gusohora pneumatike. Gusohora kwa mashini niwo murongo wanyuma muburyo bwo gutera inshinge. Ubwiza bwo gusohora amaherezo buzagena ubwiza bwibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, gusohora ibicuruzwa ntibishobora kwirengagizwa. Amahame akurikira agomba kubahirizwa mugushushanya sisitemu yo gusohora:
1. Kugirango wirinde ko ibicuruzwa bidahinduka bitewe no gusohora, ingingo yo guteramo igomba kuba yegeranye hashoboka hafi yintangiriro cyangwa igice kitoroshye kumeneka, nka silindari ndende irambuye kubicuruzwa, ahanini bisohorwa na igituba. Itondekanya ryingingo zigomba kuringanizwa bishoboka.
2. Ingingo yo gusunika igomba gukora kumurongo aho ibicuruzwa bishobora kwihanganira imbaraga nini nigice gifite ubukana bwiza, nkurubavu, flanges, ninkuta zurukuta rwibicuruzwa byubwoko.
3. Gerageza kwirinda ingingo itera gukora hejuru yibicuruzwa kugirango wirinde ibicuruzwa hejuru yumweru no hejuru. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa bimeze nkibikonoshwa nibicuruzwa bya silindrike ahanini bisohorwa namasahani.
4. Gerageza kwirinda ibimenyetso byo gusohora bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa. Igikoresho cyo gusohora kigomba kuba kiri hejuru yihishe cyangwa idashushanyijeho ibicuruzwa. Kubicuruzwa bibonerana, hagomba kwitonderwa byumwihariko guhitamo imyanya yo gusohora no gusohora.
5. Kugirango uhindure imbaraga zibicuruzwa bimwe mugihe cyo gusohora, kandi wirinde guhindura ibicuruzwa bitewe na vacuum adsorption, gusohora ibintu cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gusohora akenshi bikoreshwa, nko gusunika inkoni, gusunika isahani cyangwa gusunika inkoni, no gusunika umuyoboro Gukomatanya Ejector, cyangwa gukoresha umwuka wo gusunika inkoni, gusunika guhagarika nibindi bikoresho byo gushiraho, nibiba ngombwa, indege ya enterineti igomba gushyirwaho.
Intambwe 9: Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha
Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha ni umurimo urambiranye, kandi ingaruka zo gukonjesha, guhuza ubukonje hamwe ningaruka za sisitemu yo gukonjesha ku miterere rusange yububiko. Igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gukonjesha gikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:
1. Gahunda ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha nuburyo bwihariye bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
2. Kumenya ahantu runaka nubunini bwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha.
3. Gukonjesha ibice byingenzi nko kwimura icyitegererezo cyibanze cyangwa gushiramo.
4. Gukonjesha kuruhande no kuruhande.
5. Igishushanyo cyibintu bikonjesha no guhitamo ibintu bisanzwe byo gukonjesha.
6. Igishushanyo mbonera.
Intambwe ya cumi:
Igikoresho kiyobora kumashanyarazi ya pulasitike cyagenwe mugihe gikoreshwa muburyo busanzwe. Mubihe bisanzwe, abashushanya bakeneye gusa guhitamo ukurikije ibisobanuro byibanze. Ariko, mugihe ibikoresho biyobora neza bisabwa gushyirwaho ukurikije ibicuruzwa bisabwa, uwashushanyije agomba gukora ibishushanyo byihariye ashingiye kumiterere. Ubuyobozi rusange bugabanijemo: ubuyobozi hagati yimukanwa nuburyo bugenwe; ubuyobozi hagati yisahani yo gusunika nisahani ihamye yinkoni yo gusunika; ubuyobozi hagati yo gusunika isahani hamwe nicyitegererezo cyimuka; ubuyobozi hagati yimiterere ihamye na verisiyo yibisambo. Mubisanzwe, kubera kugabanuka kwimashini neza cyangwa gukoresha igihe runaka, guhuza ukuri kwicyuma rusange kiyobora bizagabanuka, bizagira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye kubicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, ibice byerekana neza bigomba gutegurwa bitandukanye kubicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa byuzuye. Bimwe byashyizwe ahagaragara, nka cones. Ibirindiro byahagaritswe, guhagarika imyanya, nibindi birahari muguhitamo, ariko ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe biyobora neza hamwe nibikoresho byerekana bigomba kuba byarakozwe muburyo bwihariye ukurikije imiterere yihariye ya module.
Intambwe ya 11: Guhitamo ibyuma bibumba
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kubumba ibice (cavity, core) bigenwa cyane cyane ukurikije ingano yicyiciro cyibicuruzwa nubwoko bwa plastiki. Kubicuruzwa byinshi-byuzuye cyangwa bisobanutse, 4Cr13 nubundi bwoko bwa martensitike yangirika kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma cyangwa ibyuma bikomera imyaka. Kubicuruzwa bya pulasitike hamwe no gushimangira fibre fibre, Cr12MoV nubundi bwoko bwibyuma bikomye kandi birwanya kwambara cyane. Iyo ibikoresho byibicuruzwa ari PVC, POM cyangwa birimo flame retardant, ibyuma byangirika byangirika bigomba guhitamo.
Intambwe cumi na zibiri: Shushanya igishushanyo cy'iteraniro
Nyuma yo gutondekanya ibishushanyo fatizo nibirimo bijyanye, igishushanyo cyinteko kirashobora gushushanywa. Muburyo bwo gushushanya ibishushanyo mbonera, sisitemu yatoranijwe yo gusuka, sisitemu yo gukonjesha, sisitemu yo gukurura intoki, sisitemu yo gusohora, nibindi byarushijeho guhuzwa no kunozwa kugirango bigerweho neza.
Intambwe ya cumi na gatatu: gushushanya ibice byingenzi byububiko
Iyo ushushanya akavuyo cyangwa igishushanyo mbonera, birakenewe ko harebwa niba ibipimo byatanzwe byerekana, ubworoherane hamwe nubushake bwa demolding bihuye, kandi niba igishushanyo mbonera gihuye nigishushanyo mbonera cyibicuruzwa. Muri icyo gihe, ubwikorezi bwa cavity na core mugihe cyo gutunganya hamwe nubukanishi hamwe nubwizerwe mugihe cyo gukoresha nabyo bigomba gutekerezwa. Iyo ushushanya ibice byubatswe bishushanya, mugihe ibisanzwe bisanzwe byakoreshejwe, ibice byubatswe bitari ibishushanyo bisanzwe bishushanyije, kandi ibyinshi mubice byubatswe birashobora gusibwa.
Intambwe ya 14: Gusoma ibishushanyo mbonera
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gushushanya kirangiye, uwashushanyije azashushanya igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibikoresho byumwimerere bijyanye nubuyobozi kugirango bisuzumwe.
Isuzuma rigomba gusuzuma neza imiterere rusange, ihame ryakazi, hamwe nuburyo bushoboka bwo gukora muburyo bukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cyatanzwe n'umukiriya n'ibisabwa umukiriya.
Intambwe ya 15: Guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera
Igishushanyo mbonera cyashushanyije kirangiye, kigomba guhita gishyikirizwa umukiriya kugirango yemererwe. Gusa nyuma yuko umukiriya yemeye, ifumbire irashobora gutegurwa igashyirwa mubikorwa. Iyo umukiriya afite ibitekerezo binini kandi akeneye guhindura ibintu bikomeye, bigomba gusubirwamo hanyuma bigashyikirizwa umukiriya kugirango abyemeze kugeza umukiriya anyuzwe.
Intambwe ya 16:
Sisitemu isohoka ifite uruhare runini mukwemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Uburyo bwo kunanirwa nuburyo bukurikira:
1. Koresha ahantu hasohoka. Umuyoboro usohoka muri rusange uherereye mugice cyanyuma cyurwobo kugirango wuzuzwe. Ubujyakuzimu bwa ruhurura iratandukanye na plastiki zitandukanye, kandi ahanini bigenwa nubuso ntarengwa bwemewe mugihe plastiki idatanga flash.
2. Koresha icyuho gihuye na cores, shyiramo, gusunika inkoni, nibindi cyangwa ibyuma bidasanzwe byumuriro.
3. Rimwe na rimwe, kugirango wirinde guhindagurika kwimirimo yimirimo-iterwa nicyabaye hejuru, birakenewe gushushanya ibyinjira.
Umwanzuro: Ukurikije uburyo bwo gushushanya bwavuzwe haruguru, bimwe mubirimo birashobora guhuzwa no gusuzumwa, nibirimo bigomba gusuzumwa inshuro nyinshi. Kuberako ibintu akenshi bivuguruzanya, tugomba gukomeza kwerekana no guhuza hamwe murwego rwo gushushanya kugirango tubone uburyo bwiza bwo kuvurwa, cyane cyane ibirimo birimo imiterere, tugomba kubyitaho cyane, kandi akenshi tugatekereza gahunda nyinshi icyarimwe . Iyi miterere irerekana ibyiza nibibi bya buri kintu gishoboka, ikanasesengura ikanagikora neza umwe umwe. Impamvu zubaka zizagira ingaruka muburyo bwo gukora no gukoresha ifumbire, kandi ingaruka zikomeye zishobora no gutuma ibumba ryose rivaho. Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera ni intambwe yingenzi yo kwemeza ubuziranenge, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cyayo ni injeniyeri itunganijwe.
