Iwebhusayithi yaseVietnam Central Government yabika ngo-Agasti 10, 2020 ukuthi uhulumeni usanda kukhipha iSolution No. 115 / NQ-CP ngokugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisekelayo. Isinqumo sathi ngo-2030, ukuxhasa imikhiqizo yezimboni kuzohlangabezana nezidingo ezingama-70% zokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kanye nokusetshenziswa; Ibala cishe i-14% yenani lokukhishwa kwezimboni; eVietnam, kunezinkampani ezingaba ngu-2 000 ezinganikezela ngqo ngemikhiqizo kubahlanganisi nasezinkampanini zamazwe ngamazwe.
Izinhloso ezithile emkhakheni wezingxenye zokungcebeleka: ukuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye zensimbi, izingxenye zepulasitiki nezenjoloba, kanye nezingxenye zokungasebenzi zikagesi nezikagesi kuzofinyelela umgomo wokuhlangabezana no-45% wezinto zokungcebeleka ezifunwa emkhakheni wezimboni eVietnam ekugcineni ka-2025; ngo-2030, Hlangana nama-65% wesidingo sasekhaya, futhi wandise ukukhushulwa komkhiqizo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ekhonza izimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme.
Izimboni ezisekelayo zezindwangu, okokugqoka nezicathulo zesikhumba: ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezindwangu, okokugqoka nezesikhumba okuluhlaza nokwenziwe ngezinto ezisizayo. Ngo-2025, qaphela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enezengezo eziphakeme kanye nezinsizakalo zokuthekelisa. Ukulethwa kwasekhaya kwezinto zokusetshenziswa eziluhlaza nezisizayo zomkhakha wezindwangu kuzofinyelela kuma-65%, nezicathulo zesikhumba zizofinyelela kuma-75%. -80%.
Izimboni ezisekela ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu: ukuthuthukisa izinto zokukhiqiza, imishini esekelayo yobuchwepheshe, isoftware kanye nezinsizakalo ezisebenzela izimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu; thuthukisa uhlelo lwebhizinisi olunikezela ngemishini yokusiza yobungcweti futhi esekela ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Sungula inkampani yokulungisa imishini nokulungisa ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe omhlaba futhi isebenze njengesidingo sokwakhiwa kwemishini nabakhi be-software kulo mkhakha. Yakha izinto ezintsha, ikakhulukazi ucwaningo lwezinto zobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza.
Ukuze kuzuzwe lezi zinhloso ezingenhla, uhulumeni waseVietnam uphakamise izindlela eziyisikhombisa zokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisekelayo.
1. Thuthukisa izindlela nezinqubomgomo: qamba, uthuthukise futhi ufeze ngempumelelo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye usebenzise izinqubomgomo ezikhethekile nezindlela zokuxhasa izimboni kanye nezinye izimboni zokucubungula nokwenza izimboni (ngokuphathwa nokwesekwa okukhethekile ngokuhambisana nezinhlinzeko zoMthetho Wotshalomali waseVietnam) ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisekelayo Intuthuko idala izimo ezithandekayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo iqamba futhi isebenzise izinqubomgomo ezisebenzayo zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezinto ezingavuthiwe futhi inweba imakethe yokukhiqiza nokuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo ephelele, ibeka isisekelo sesimanjemanje kanye nezimboni eziqhubekayo.
2. Ukuqinisekisa nokuhlanganisa izinsizakusebenza ngendlela efanelekile ukuthuthukisa izimboni ezisekelayo: ukusebenzisa, ukuqinisekisa nokuhlanganisa izinsizakusebenza ezinempumelelo, nokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokutshala izimali ekuthuthukiseni izimboni ezisekelayo kanye nasekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni eziseqhulwini. Ngokwesisekelo sokuhambisana nomthetho nokuhambisana nezimo zentuthuko yezomnotho wendawo, khulisa iqhaza lohulumeni basekhaya futhi ukhuthaze izinsizakusebenza zendawo zokutshala imali ukuze zisebenzise izimboni ezisekelayo futhi zibeke phambili phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubomgomo zokucubungula nezokukhiqiza, izinhlelo nemisebenzi.
3. Izixazululo zezezimali nezikweletu: qhubeka nokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezikhethekile zezinga lenzalo ukuxhasa ukubolekwa kwemali mboleko yesikhashana emabhizinisini asekelayo izimboni kanye nezimboni zokucubungula nokwenza kuqala; uhulumeni usebenzisa isabelomali esiphakathi, izimali zendawo, usizo lwe-ODA kanye nemalimboleko ekhethekile yangaphandle yamabhizinisi Amabhizinisi ezinzalo ezinzalo anikezwa izimalimboleko zesikhathi esiphakathi nezesikhathi eside ezingamaphrojekthi wokukhiqiza kukhathalogu yentuthuko ephambili esekela imikhiqizo yezimboni.
4. Thuthukisa uchungechunge lwenani lasekhaya: dala amathuba okwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kohlu lwamanani asekhaya ngokuheha utshalomali olusebenzayo nokukhuthaza ukufakwa kwezikhumulo phakathi kwamabhizinisi aseVietnam nezinkampani zamazwe omhlaba, ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kanye nezinkampani zokuhlangana; kusungulwe amapaki ezimboni asekela kakhulu futhi kudaleke amaqoqo ezimboni. Thuthukisa imboni yezinto ezingavuthiwe ukukhulisa ukuzimela kokukhiqiza izinto zokusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa ukuncika ezintweni eziluhlaza ezingenisiwe, ukwandisa inani elengeziwe lemikhiqizo yasekhaya, ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo kanye nesimo samabhizinisi aseVietnam ochungechungeni lwenani lomhlaba.
Ngasikhathi sinye, gqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ophelele womkhiqizo nomkhakha womhlangano, futhi ugxile ekusekeleni amabhizinisi aseVietnam embonini yezimboni ephambili yokukhiqiza ukuze ibe yiqembu lesifunda, lenze umphumela wemisebe, futhi lihole amabhizinisi asizayo ezimboni ngokuya ngePolitburo's Inqubomgomo Kazwelonke Yezokuthuthukiswa Kwezimboni kusukela ngo-2030 kuya ku-2045 Khombisa umkhombandlela wokuthuthuka ngokomoya kweResolution 23-NQ / TW.
5. Thuthukisa futhi uvikele imakethe: Gqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisekelayo kanye nezimboni zokucubungula nokwenza kuqala. Ngokukhethekile, ngokuya ngomgomo wokuqinisekisa izinzuzo zezomnotho, sizobeka eqhulwini ukuthuthukiswa kokucubungula nokwenza izixazululo zokuqinisekisa ubukhulu bezimakethe zasekhaya; ukusungula nokuqalisa izinhlelo ezifanele zokulawulwa kwezimboni kanye nezinhlelo zamazinga ezobuchwepheshe ukuvikela umkhiqizo wasekhaya nabathengi; Izivumelwano nezenzo, kuqinisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yezimboni engenisiwe, futhi kusetshenziswe izithiyo zobuchwepheshe ukuvikela kahle imakethe yasekhaya. Ngasikhathi sinye, funa futhi wandise izimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle ngesisekelo sokusebenzisa ngokugcwele izivumelwano ezisayiniwe zokuhweba mahhala; yamukele izindlela zokweseka izimboni ezisekelayo kanye nezimboni ezisebenza phambili nezokukhiqiza, futhi ibambe iqhaza ngempumelelo ezivumelwaneni zokuhweba mahhala; ukususa ngenkuthalo izithiyo zokulwa nokuzimela nokuzincintisana okungafanele ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli wesimanje webhizinisi nezohwebo.
6. Ukwenza ngcono ukuncintisana kokuxhasa amabhizinisi ezimboni: Ngokwesisekelo sezidingo zentuthuko nezinhloso nezinsizakusebenza ezikhona, sebenzisa izimali zokutshala imali ezimaphakathi nezasekhaya maphakathi nokwakha nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwezikhungo zobuchwepheshe zokuxhasa ezentuthuko zezimboni, ukuxhasa izimboni ezisekelayo nokunikeza okusemqoka ekuthuthukisweni kokucutshungulwa nokukhiqizwa kwamabhizinisi Amasha ezimbonini, i-R & D nokudluliswa kwezobuchwepheshe, kwandise umkhiqizo, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuncintisana, kuvule amathuba okubamba iqhaza okujulile ochungechungeni lokukhiqizwa komhlaba. Yakha izindlela nezinqubomgomo zokweseka nokubeka eqhulwini ezezimali, ingqalasizinda kanye nezinsizakusebenza, kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhono lesifunda lobuchwepheshe kanye nezimboni ukuxhasa izikhungo zobuchwepheshe ukuxhasa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zezifunda. Zonke izikhungo zobuchwepheshe bokusekelwa kwezimboni ezithuthukisa izimboni kufanele zibambe iqhaza ekuxhumaneni nezikhungo zasendaweni ukuze zakhe uhlelo oluvamile lwezinto eziphilayo lobuchwepheshe nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngcono amakhono ezesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ezisekelayo izimboni kanye namabhizinisi okucubungula nokwenza umsebenzi ophambili, nokwenza impumelelo kusisekelo sezimboni, ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokufakwa kwezobuchwepheshe; ukuqinisa ukubambisana kwasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ocwaningweni, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ukuthengwa nokudluliswa kwemikhiqizo yezobuchwepheshe, njll. Ukukhuthaza ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yocwaningo lwesayensi nobuchwepheshe; ukuqinisa izindlela zokubambisana zomphakathi nezizimele ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ucwaningo nentuthuko.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokusebenzisa amasu kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa amakhono kazwelonke, ukukhuthaza ukuxhumana kwezikhungo zokuqeqesha namabhizinisi, izimakethe zezemfundo nezabasebenzi, kuthuthukiswe izinhlelo zokuphatha futhi kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yemfundo yezandla, kusetshenziswe izindlela zokuphatha zanamuhla nezihlelekile, futhi zamukele amazwe omhlaba amazinga nobuchwepheshe bolwazi Isicelo, ukukhuthazwa kokubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba ekuqeqeshweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwabasebenzi, ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokuhlola kanye nokukhishwa kwezitifiketi zamakhono kazwelonke, ikakhulukazi amakhono emisebenzi abalulekile okusiza izimboni.
7. Imininingwane nokuxhumana, imininingwane egciniwe yezibalo: ukusungula nokwenza ngcono izimboni ezisekelayo kanye nokulungiswa okuyisisekelo kanye nemininingwane yolwazi yokukhiqiza, ukukhuthaza ukuxhumana phakathi kwabahlinzeki baseVietnam nezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe; ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwezwe, futhi kusungulwe izinqubomgomo zezimboni ezisekelayo; thuthukisa ikhwalithi yezibalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imininingwane ifika ngesikhathi, iphelele futhi inembile. Gqugquzela inkulumo-ze ebanzi nejule ukuxhasa izimboni ezisekelayo kanye nezimboni ezisebenza phambili kanye nezimboni, ukuze kuvuse intshisekelo ekwakhiweni kwezimboni ezisekelayo kanye nasezimbonini ezisebenza phambili nokwenza izimboni kuwo wonke amazinga, imikhakha, nabaholi bendawo nomphakathi wonke, ushintsho futhi kukhulise ukuqwashisa nokuzizwa komthwalo wemfanelo.
