Amapulasitiki aguquliwe abhekisa emikhiqizweni yepulasitiki ngesisekelo samaplastikhi enhloso ejwayelekile kanye nama-plastiki abunjiniyela asetshenzisiwe futhi aguqulwa ngezindlela ezinjengokugcwalisa, ukuhlanganisa, nokuqinisa ukwenza ngcono ukulibaziseka kwelangabi, amandla, ukumelana nomthelela, nobulukhuni.
Amapulasitiki ajwayelekile ngokuvamile anezici zawo kanye nokukhubazeka. Izingxenye zepulasitiki eziguquliwe azikwazi nje kuphela ukufeza ukusebenza kwamandla wezinye insimbi, kepha futhi zinobuningi obuphansi, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nomthelela omkhulu, amandla aphezulu, kanye nokuqina kokugqoka. Uchungechunge lwezinzuzo, ezifana ne-anti-vibration ne-flame-retardant, sezivele ezimbonini eziningi, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola okokusebenza okungashintsha imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ngezinga elikhulu kulesi sigaba.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwezimboni zokucubungula nokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke kukhuthaze kakhulu isidingo sabathengi samaplastiki aguquliwe.
Ngo-2018, isidingo saseChina sama-plastiki aguquliwe safinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-12.11, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngama-9.46%. Isidingo samapulasitiki aguquliwe emkhakheni wezimoto singamathani ayizigidi ezingama-4.52, abalwa ngama-37%. Inani lamapulasitiki aguquliwe ezintweni zangaphakathi zezimoto lenyuke laya ngaphezu kwama-60%. Njengento yezimoto engasindi ebaluleke kakhulu, ayikwazi ukunciphisa izinga lezingxenye cishe ngama-40% kuphela, kepha futhi yehlisa nezindleko zokuthenga cishe ngama-40%. .
Ezinye izinhlelo zamaplastiki aguquliwe emkhakheni wezimoto
Okwamanje, izinto ze-PP (polypropylene) kanye ne-PP elungisiwe zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi zezimoto, izingxenye zangaphandle nezingxenye ezingaphansi hood. Emazweni athuthukile embonini yezimoto, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-PP zamabhayisikili kubanga ama-30% awo wonke amapulasitiki ezimoto, nokuyizinhlobonhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto zepulasitiki ezimotweni. Ngokuya ngohlelo lwentuthuko, ngonyaka we-2020, inani elijwayelekile lokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki lezimoto lizofinyelela ku-500kg / imoto, okubalwa ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yezinto sezimoto sezizonke.
Njengamanje, lisekhona igebe phakathi kwabakhiqizi bamaplastiki baseChina abalungisiwe namanye amazwe. Inkomba yokuthuthuka yesikhathi esizayo yamapulasitiki aguquliwe inezici ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuguqulwa kweplastiki ejwayelekile;
2. Amapulasitiki aguquliwe asebenza kahle, enza imisebenzi eminingi futhi ahlanganisiwe;
3. Izindleko eziphansi nezimboni zepulasitiki ezikhethekile;
4.Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengobuchwepheshe be-nanocomposite;
5. Okuhlaza, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ikhabhoni ephansi nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwamapulasitiki aguquliwe;
6. Thuthukisa izithasiselo ezintsha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ne-resin ekhethekile eyisisekelo eguquliwe
Ukusetshenziswa okuyingxenye yamapulasitiki aguquliwe ezintweni zasendlini
Ngaphezu kwenkambu yezimoto, izinto zasendlini ziyinsimu lapho kusetshenziswa khona amapulasitiki aguquliwe. I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wezinto zasendlini. Amapulasitiki aguquliwe abesetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-air conditioner nakweminye imikhiqizo esikhathini esedlule. Ngo-2018, isidingo samaplastiki aguquliwe emkhakheni wezinto zasendlini sasicishe sibe ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-4.79, sibala ama-40%. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme, isidingo samaplastiki aguquliwe emkhakheni wezinto zasendlini sikhule kancane.
Akugcini lapho, ngoba oplastiki abalungisiwe ngokuvamile banokufakwa kahle kukagesi, badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni kagesi nowe-elekthronikhi.
Amandla kagesi, ukuphikiswa komhlaba, kanye ne-resistivity yevolumu ngokuvamile kungahlangabezana ngokugcwele nezidingo zemikhiqizo kagesi enamandla aphansi. Okwamanje, izinto zikagesi ezinamandla kagesi aphansi ziyathuthuka lapho kubhekiswa ku-miniaturization, multi-function, and high current, okudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zepulasitiki ngamandla angcono nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.
Izinkampani eziningi zaseChina nazo zakha amapulasitiki akhethekile aguquliwe njenge-PA46, i-PPS, i-PEEK, njll., Ukuze inikeze kangcono izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zepulasitiki zabakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi ezinamandla kagesi amancane. Ngaphansi kwethrendi ye-5G ngo-2019, izingxenye ze-antenna zidinga izinto ezihlala zinamandla kagesi, futhi izinto eziqhubekayo zedizili ephansi ziyadingeka ukufeza ukubambezeleka okuphansi. Lokhu kunezidingo eziphakeme zepulasitiki eziguquliwe futhi kuletha namathuba amasha.
